• Saturday, 21 December 2024

Mengenal Talasemia, Penyakit Genetik Yang Bisa Sebabkan Anemia Kronis

Mengenal Talasemia, Penyakit Genetik Yang Bisa Sebabkan Anemia Kronis
Ilustrasi sel darah merah. (shutterstock)

SEAToday.com, Jakarta-Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes) RI bagikan informasi mengenai talasemia sebagai penyakit genetik yang bisa menyebabkan penderita membutuhkan transfusi darah seumur hidup.

Mengutip instagram (@ayosehat.kemkes), talasemia dapat diturunkan karena salah satu orang tua talasemia mayor, kedua orang pembawa sifat, maupun salah satu orang tua pembawa sifat.

Jika kedua orang tua pembawa sifat, salah satu anak dapat menurunkan 100% talasemia mayor.  Namun jika salah satu orang tua pembawa sifat, keturunan akan mendapatkan 50% pembawa sifat.

Sedangkan jika salah satu orang tua talasemia mayor, keturunannya akan mendapati 100% pembawa sifat.

Hingga saat ini, talasemia belum dapat disembuhkan dan banyak memiliki komplikasi. Pasien talasemia cenderung memerlukan transfusi darah rutin seumur hidup agar dapat beraktivitas normal.

Selain itu, pasien talasemia harus mengonsumsi obat khusus setiap hari (kelasi besi) untuk membantu mengeluarkan zat besi berlebih akibat transfusi darah.

Di Indonesia, beberapa pengobatan seperti cangkok sumsum belakang, terapi sel punca, dan terapi genetik lain masih sangat mahal dan masih dalam penelitian sehingga belum bisa dilakukan.

Untuk mencegah hal tersebut terjadi, calon pengantin dapat melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan untuk menghindari perkawinan antara sesama talasemia minor. (HALIMATUN/DKD)

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